Uncanny. It’s an unusual word with a long history that has shrunk in daily use to one very narrow context. When you see a random stranger who looks identical to someone you know, then “the resemblance is uncanny.”
A new exhibition titled Uncanny at the National Museum of Women in the Arts demands a major expansion of the word’s meaning to include bizarre, unsettling, anxious, chilling, creepy, or just plain weird. Now I’m supposed to add “but in a good way” but I’m not going to do that. Art doesn’t have to make you feel good, and it doesn’t have to make sense. Sometimes great art enters you with a sideways glance and leaves with a cold shudder.
Curated by NMWA associate curator Orin Zahra, the exhibition explores women artists’ provocative use of the uncanny as a feminist declaration, social critique, or personal narrative.
It’s unusual to group an exhibition around an adjective, but Uncanny is less about a word than a psychological experience where something feels unnerving because it’s familiar but just slightly off. It’s close to real but not quite right—like a subtle twist of the fun house mirror.
Sigmund Freud popularized the concept in a 1919 paper called “Das Unheimliche” or “The Uncanny.” Freud being Freud, he wrapped castration anxiety and loving our mothers too much into the uncanny as a chaotic representation of our repressed impulses and desires.
Japanese roboticist Masahiro Mori further developed the concept in 1970 with a description of the “uncanny valley” where dolls or robots become increasingly creepy as they become more lifelike, like the wide-eyed stares of ventriloquist dummies.